Release time：2025-01-24 10:46:00 click：

Lithium iron phosphate has an olivine structure and is characterized by good cycle performance, stable electrochemical properties, and low cost. It is commonly used as the cathode material for power lithium-ion batteries.

The molecular formula of lithium iron phosphate is LiFePO4. Its principle of action during the charging and discharging processes of lithium batteries is as follows:
When a lithium battery is being charged, lithium ions Li+ detach from the lithium iron phosphate cathode material LiFePO4. After passing through the battery separator and the electrolyte, they are embedded in the anode material, thus completing the charging process. The LiFePO4 that has lost Li+ becomes the delithiated product - iron phosphate FePO4.

When a lithium battery is discharging, Li+ detach from the anode material. After passing through the battery separator and the electrolyte, they return to the cathode material. When Li+ are embedded in FePO4, it changes back to LiFePO4, thus completing the discharging process.

1. The purity of ferrous oxalate is low, and there are many by-products such as FeSO₄. After being placed for a period of time, there will be more ferric iron.
2. It is very difficult to control the morphology of ferrous oxalate raw materials, resulting in poor processing performance of the finished lithium iron phosphate.
3. Since three raw materials are used, the uniformity control of the mixing materials is poor, and it is easy to oxidize, which requires high requirements for the atmosphere protection system of the sintering furnace.
4. The process route has high energy consumption, a long production cycle, the discharged ammonia is polluting, the firing rate of the product is less than 50%, and the yield is too low

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Lithium salts: Lithium carbonate (Li₂CO₃), Lithium hydroxide (LiOH), Lithium acetate (CH₃COOLi)

Advantages and disadvantages of the iron phosphate process route:

Advantages:

1. It can achieve one-time ball milling, one-time drying, and one-time sintering. The process is simple and energy consumption is low.

2. The firing rate is close to 70%. The raw materials are easy to be mixed uniformly, and the particles are relatively fine.

1. The performance of lithium iron phosphate materials depends severely on the quality of iron phosphate raw materials, and the iron-to-phosphorus ratio of the raw materials cannot be controlled.
2. The cost of iron phosphate alone accounts for more than 50% of the raw material cost. It is necessary to significantly reduce the cost to match its excellent electrical performance with the market price.

1. The raw material cost is low.
2. The morphology of lithium iron phosphate produced by this process route can be controlled, and the processing performance is the best.

3. Since two raw materials are used, the uniformity control of the mixed materials is relatively good. There is no need to consider the oxidation problem of the ferric iron source during the drying process, and the stability control is relatively good. Only one-time sintering is required. The process flow is simple and easy to control, and the yield is as high as about 80%.

1. The impurity content of ferric oxide is relatively high, and it is difficult to achieve a purity higher than 99%.
2. It is not easy to achieve an accurate stoichiometric ratio of phosphate and lithium in lithium dihydrogen phosphate.
3. The capacity is the worst, and the cost-performance ratio of the product is relatively low.

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1. The raw material cost is low, the quality is easy to control, and the process reproducibility is good.

2. The electrochemical performance is good, especially the low-temperature performance.

1. The molar input amount of lithium is three times that of iron. The recycling of lithium needs to be considered, and the recycling cost is high.
2. It has high requirements for the temperature, pressure, and corrosion resistance of the reaction kettle, making it difficult to achieve large-scale mass production.